smokeless tobacco can cause gums to Oral Changes Associated with Use Chewing Tobacco Invites Cancer -

Access part one of a three-part series on the global public-health toll and policy implications of drug addiction in The Lancet , January 6, 2012

This disruption can contribute to an environment that favors the growth of harmful bacteria, increasing the risk of cavities and gum disease

If anything, the genteel image of pipe smoking may actually increase danger by lowering perceived risk, reducing motivation to quit, and enabling continued tobacco use under the guise of sophistication

76 However, the contribution of sugars to these effects may be difficult to assess because of the complexity of smokeless products in India, with many non-tobacco ingredients being often part of the product mix