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Use of vaping concentrates can lead to popcorn lung (aka bronchiolitis obliterans, a disease that affects small airways in the lungs), shortness of breath, a nagging or persistent cough, and wheezing, says Robert Welch, a pharmacist and director of the National Center for Cannabis Research and Education at the University of Mississippi

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3.2 Chronic kidney disease and fibrosis: maladaptation and failed repair As kidney damage progresses from acute to chronic, the initial protective mechanisms, such as mitophagy, may become impaired or dysregulated