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Participants were asked about their smoking behaviors during nine periods across their lives, beginning with before they reached their 15 th birthday until after they reached the age of 70 (for the older participants)

What percentage of individuals will experience an increase in their body mass index (BMI)

Based on self-reported smoking behavior from NHSP questionnaires, we extracted age at smoking initiation, cumulative smoking exposure (in pack-years, PY), and status as former or current smoker

Dividing the number of observed deaths by the number of expected deaths gives the "relative death rate" for each disease