tobacco therapy Addiction: Symptoms, Causes, Effects, Treatment, and Prevention Strategies Recommendation: Tobacco Smoking Cessation in

pmid:23078463

reported that patients with a smoking history had higher risks of vascular complications, especially arterial ones than non-smokers after liver transplantation, while patients, who gave up smoking for 2 years prior to transplantation, had lower incidence of vascular complications (1)

We're accustomed to thinking of everyone who smokes as an addict -- nicotine is known to be one of the most addictive drugs, after all -- but according to the most recent National Survey on Drug Use and Health, of the 40.9 million adults over the age of 18 who had smoked a cigarette in the previous month, only about 60 percent could be considered dependent on nicotine

This measured strategy is beginning to pay off