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Seeing COPD as a disease that develops slowly over decades could shift attention towards earlier prevention and, ultimately, reduce its human and economic cost.

Xianwei Zeng, Aijun Deng, Yi Ding

Culturally Responsive Focus Groups: Reframing the Research Experience to Focus on Participants

Researchers will evaluate four possible trajectories -- continued smoking (least optimal outcome), complete cessation (most optimal outcome), exclusive noncombustible use (possible harm reduction) or dual/poly tobacco use (unlikely harm reduction) -- through an analysis of Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study data