Those enzymes and their products listed are ubiquitous, and of these, the allene oxide synthase generates short-lived intermediates that rearrange in various ways, for example by cyclization to compounds such as oxo-phytodienoic acid and thence the jasmonates, i.e., most of the non-volatile oxylipins in plants, while closely related hydroperoxide lyases make the fragmented and volatile fatty acid/aldehyde derivatives
(Glutathione) 3 (Cystein) (Glycine) (Glutamine) 1 2 Reduced glutathione glutathione sulfhydryl (GSH) (thiol-SH) active Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) GSH peroxidase Glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs) 2 Oxidized glutathione glutathione disulfide (GSSG) reduced glutathione 2 (S-S) GSSG GSH GSH reductase riboflavin GSSG GSH oxidative stress (tyrosine) (tyrosinase) 2 (eumelanin) (pheomelanin) 3 4 3 5 (melanin) (pheomelanin) (eumelanin) recycling active form 6 glutathione peroxidase Hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) recycling coenzyme Q 10 Glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs) conjugate Acetaldehyde oxidation pathway neutrophils 7 8 9 L-Cysteine, L-Glutamine, L-Glycine 3 Alpha Lipoic Acid Glutathione alpha lipoic acid Coenzyme Q10 10 , , , Resveratrol natural antioxidants 11 N-acetylcysteine (NAC) L-cysteine GSH 12 Coenzyme Q10 oxidative stress antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase 13 Milk Thistle Extract glutathione peroxides 14 Selenium cofactor glutathione peroxidase 15
Current SLE management strategies aim to (1) minimize disease activity, (2) prevent irreversible organ damage, (3) reduce the burden of comorbidities and treatment-related side effects, and (4) improve quality of life by alleviating pain and fatigue (5)
NAC may be a better choice in these cases, as it contains less sulfur overall
